India bans cotton exports citing global textile unions

The U.S., EU, Turkish, and Mexican textile associations have jointly urged the Indian government to lift restrictions on cotton exports (28795, 645.00, 2.29%), which has triggered a global shortage of raw cotton and driven prices to unprecedented levels. These groups, representing millions of workers across the globe, argue that India’s actions violate WTO rules and exacerbate market instability. The National Council of Textile Organizations (NCTO), Eurocoton (representing European cotton and textile industries), Mexico’s Camara Nacional de la Industria Textil (Canaintex), Turkey’s Textile Employers Association (TTEA), and the Istanbul Textile and Apparel Exporter Associations (ITKIB) sent formal letters to the European Commission at the end of October, accusing India of illegally restricting cotton exports since April. This has led to a sharp rise in cotton prices, significantly increasing production costs for textile manufacturers worldwide. Since the export restrictions began in April, the price of cotton has surged nearly 100%, jumping from 62 cents per pound to a record high of $1.30 per pound. The situation is further worsened by poor harvests in other major cotton-producing countries, making global demand even more intense. India, the world’s second-largest cotton exporter, has experienced one of its largest cotton harvests in history but continues to impose export controls for six months, which many see as an unreasonable move. Hacoit Benoit, president of Eurocoton, warned that this has distorted competition, forcing European textile companies to either pay exorbitant prices, face increased competition, or risk losing their competitive edge in the EU market. Some may even be forced to relocate production outside Europe or shut down entirely. David Garcia of Canaintex added that India’s export restrictions are a clear violation of WTO regulations and that the country should be held accountable. He emphasized that India cannot legally subsidize its domestic industry by limiting cotton exports, which forces Mexican textile firms to bear the high cost of cotton. Halit Narin of TITA, along with Ismail Gulle and Hikmet Tanriverdi from ITKIB, expressed concerns that India’s export ban is driving up cotton prices, which could undermine Turkey’s textile recovery efforts. They also noted that despite repeated assurances from the Indian government that the restrictions would be temporary, the disruptions have persisted for over six months. Cass Johnson, president of NCTO, stated that American textile mills are now facing serious concerns over cotton supply, as India’s export restrictions have tightened the global market and created a rush to secure raw materials. Meanwhile, China’s large-scale state-owned textile mills are willing to pay any price to acquire cotton, putting pressure on the U.S. textile industry, which is still recovering from previous challenges. In their letter, the U.S., EU, and Mexican textile groups stressed that their industries are at risk of facing either rising cotton prices or complete supply shortages. If India continues its export restrictions, they warn that their textile sectors may not survive. The groups are urging their governments to take a strong stance against India and demand that it immediately lift the export restrictions on cotton.

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